SEMANTICS



Hallo gaes...
Pada blog ku sebelumnya, aku membahas mengenai Linguistik. Didalam ilmu linguistik terdapat pure linguistics yang terbagi menjadi enam cabang. Tapi dalam pembahasan kali ini, kita ga akan membahas ke enam cabang tersebut. Kita hanya akan membahas salah satu dari enam cabang tersebut. Apa ya kira-kira gaes? Langsung aja yuk kita bahas biar semua pada tau.
 
Bila kita mempelajari sebuah bahasa, maka kita harus mengetahui makna apa yang terkandung dalam bahasa tersebut, agar kita paham dan tidak salah tafsir makna dalam sebuah bahasa tersebut. Bagimana cara kita mengetahui sebuah makna dalam bahasa? Dengan cara mempelajari Semantik. Teman-teman ada yang tau apa itu semantik? Disini kita akan membahas lebih lanjut mengenai apa semantik menurut yang sudah saya cari dan ketahui.

Semantics berasal  bahasa Yunani Sema (kata benda) ‘tanda’, atau dari kata kerja samaino yang berarti 'menandai'. Semantik adalah cabang linguistik yang mempelajari arti/makna yang terkandung pada suatu bahasa, kode, atau sebuah kalimat. Dengan kata lain, semantik adalah ilmu bahasa tentang makna. Konsep semantik dalam pembelajaran bahasa merupakan integritas yang mengacu pada pemahaman makna bahasa. So semantik ini sangat mengacu kepada makna.

Ciri -Ciri Semantics:
-Semantik adalah kajian mengenai hubungan antara tanda (lambang) dengan objek yang diacu oleh tanda tersebut.
-Semantik adalah kajian mengenai makna.

Berkenaan dengan adanya tataran bahasa, semantik lazim dibedakan menjadi  semantik leksikal dan semantik gramatikal.
1. Semantik Leksikal adalah semantik yang objek kajiannya adalah makna yang ada pada kata, sesuai dengan referennya, dan sesuai dengan hasil observasi alat indera, atau makna yang sungguh-sungguh nyata dalam kehidupan kita. Contoh: kata tikus dalam kalimat “ Para petani gagal panen karena serangan hama tikus”.  Makna leksikal tikus dalam kalimat itu adalah sebangsa binatang pengerat yang menyebabkan timbulnya penyakit tifus atau penyerang tanaman padi.

2. Semantik gramatikal adalah meliputi pengkajian makna dalam proses-proses morfologi, yaitu afiksasi dan penggabungan, serta proses-proses dalam pembentukan satuan sintaksis, yaitu pembentukan frase, klausa, dan kalimat.  Contoh: kata rich menjadi enrich, enrichment; proses afiksasi, dan kata-kata  rich people, rich environment adalah proses penggabungan.

Jenis-jenis semantik:
1. Semantik behavioris adalah adalah kajian semantik yang mengkaji proses pemahaman makna melalui pengalaman dan datanya ada. Contoh: seorang ibu yang menyuapkan makanan pada si bayi.

2. Semantik deskriptif adalah kajian semantik yang khusus memperhatikan makna yang sekarang berlaku. Contoh: dalam bahasa Indonesia ada kata juara yaitu orang yang mendapat peringkat teratas dalam pertandingan tanpa memperhatikan makna sebelumnya yaitu pengatur atau pelerai dalam persabungan ayam.

3. Semantik generatif adalah kajian semantik yang menelaah tata bahasa struktur dalam yang berupa struktur semantik dan struktur luar yang merupakan perwujudan ujaran. Kedua struktur ini dihubungkan dengan suatu proses yang disebut transfomasi.

4. Semantik historis adalah kajian semantik yang mengkaji sistem makna dalam rangkaian waktu.

5. Semantik logika adalah cabang logika modern yang berkaitan dengan konsep-konsep dan notasi simbolik dalam analisis bahasa.

6. Semantik struktural adalah kajian semantikyang membahasa struktur bahasa. Struktur bahasa terdiri atas unsur yang berupa fonem, morfem, kata, frasa, klausa, kalimat.

Jadi ketika kita berbicara tentang makna, tanpa kita sadari kita sudah mempelajari tentang linguistik semantik. Untuk seorang mahasiswa jurusan bahasa, tujuan mempelajari semantik adalah lebih memudahkan menganalisis bahasa (baik bahasa yang telah dipelajarinya, bahasa yang belum dipelajarinya, maupun bahasa yang akan dipelajarinya). Lalu bila mahasiswa ingin menjadi seorang pengajar, dapat memudahkan ia untuk menjelaskan makna kata tertentu kepada calon peserta didiknya. Bagaimana teman-teman? Apa anda berniat belajar linguistik semantik?

Sebenarnya pemahaman saya mengenai semantik belum terlalu dalam, saya masih mempelajari dasar-dasarnya saja dan baru memulai untuk mempelajari lebih lanjut mengenai semantik. Silahkan tuangkan komentar anda, saran, kritik, atau bully-an juga bolehπŸ˜….
Sekian dan Terimakasih:)



Komentar

  1. i like your topic erni, but it will be better if you put example in all semantic type. s, the readers can be understand bout your topic πŸ’•πŸ‘πŸ‘ keep posting my friend πŸ’•

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Thank you for your criticism. I'll try to fix itπŸ‘ŒπŸ»

      Hapus
    2. oke erni no problem.. i like to visit your blog. erni why we should learn about this? why you so interested in this topic

      Hapus
  2. Good topic about semantics, you explain clearly about it. Hope you can posted the other topic yaak

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. urwel, wish you have the great topic to the next posted

      Hapus
    2. I'll do better in my next post. Is my blog so far helping you?

      Hapus
  3. Great topic erni.
    But i think you should put the example all of the part.
    And you can add about the history of semantic:)

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Okay, thank you for your advice. I'll try to fix it better:)

      Hapus
    2. That's good erni.
      I hope you can be better in the next post

      Hapus
    3. Yes nata, i'll do better in my next post. I hope you always support my blogπŸ™

      Hapus
    4. Of course erni i'll always support you everytime and everywhere lol

      Hapus
    5. Hahah you're so funny. Don't over support me, i"ll be shy lol. May my blog be useful to you.

      Hapus
  4. Your blog Your blog bores me. not creative and very simple. Do you want to create a blog or story? huftt, like a caterpillar

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Not creative how? Should i explain along the railroad tracks?

      Hapus
    2. You not creative cause you stupid.copypaste.and plagiat

      Hapus
  5. reference copying hayo, you know that this time I google article haha. if you want to say it, you have to understand the humor, don't know how to teach.

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. I did google this material. But i don't copy paste it all. I'm just trying to find a reference because i'm not really understand about this material and i'm still trying to study it more deeply.

      Hapus
    2. ooo so .. if the intention to read can definitely conclude from the reference. basic lazy

      Hapus
  6. I think so Erni, because we still learn this topic. So don't give up. Okay.

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Yeah, thank you for your support. You also mustn't give up on anythingπŸ™‚

      Hapus
  7. I'm not sure you know what you're writing, You wrote this just to fulfill a duty, right?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. You're terrific. You have abilities that no one else has. How do you know that i wrote it because a duty? Do you often spy on my life? Hm big fan.

      Hapus
    2. I'm not spying, but insting you knowπŸ˜…πŸ˜…πŸ˜œ

      Hapus
    3. Ur insting is good. I did wrote it because a duty. So, what's wrong?😏

      Hapus
    4. Hahhaa nothing..
      I just guess πŸ˜‚πŸ˜‚

      Hapus
    5. Thank you for your guess, anything else?

      Hapus
    6. Nothing dude πŸ˜‚πŸ˜‚πŸ˜‚If I add it, you'll cry.. MaybeπŸ˜›

      Hapus
  8. Add characteristics so that readers can quickly identify if it's semantic, sipppp?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Okay sipp, thank you for your adviceπŸ™‚

      Hapus
    2. What if the background is also given a little color and not just plain erni? so that the blog is more and more liked

      Hapus
    3. Good idea, what color do you suggest to me?

      Hapus
    4. Maybe with a cheerful color or floral background

      Hapus
    5. Okay thank u for your suggestion. What about my material? Is it enough for you to understand?

      Hapus
    6. So far it can still be understood

      Hapus
    7. Does semantics have characteristics? If so, please explain so that we as readers can easily identify them. Oke?

      Hapus
    8. Does semantics have characteristics? If so, please explain so that we as readers can easily identify them and please use your own language to explain!

      Hapus
    9. For beginners so far it's pretty good but I hope that in the future you can use a cool template, because with cool blog you can attract readers to visit.

      Hapus
  9. Your topic is very good, but I don't understand the example you gave, can you give an example that is easy to understand?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Okay, there are many kinds of semantics, which one? You just say example.

      Hapus
  10. erni good topic. but there are some incomplete examples:)

    BalasHapus
  11. Hi erniiii..
    That is very clear. but it seems you forgot to give examples in each section that you describe, right?...
    please add a few examples to help readers understand all the contents of your blog..
    Thank you..

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Hi pebri, thank you for your advice. What is you saying is true. I'll try to fix it betterπŸ‘ŒπŸ» never get bored to reading my blog.

      Hapus
    2. one more, your theme very simple, it's not interesting

      Hapus
    3. Okay, what theme do you suggest to me?

      Hapus
    4. much theme can you use for improve your blog creativity

      Hapus
  12. Good πŸ‘Œ topic about simantics,but can you explain to me about simantics historis and give the example.

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. I've been explaining about historical semantics, but i'm sorry i can't give you an example yet. I have not found a reference to historical semantics example. I'm also still learning, i'm afraid to compose the example about historical semantics. But i'll try to make an example to you. Give me timeπŸ™

      Hapus
    2. ok I'll wait for an example from you Erni!
      Fighting.πŸ’ͺ

      Hapus
    3. Thank u so much dudeπŸ–€ i will..

      Hapus
  13. good topic for your post but it's better to use your own sentence and give examples and expert opinions

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Okay, i'll try to fix it better. But give me time to fix it and add it. I'm also still studying.

      Hapus
  14. This is good materi, I love this blog. You explain as if you're trying to crunch this material to your friend, keep posting: *

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Thank you!πŸ–€ always stay in my blog, your comments motivated me.

      Hapus
    2. Erni could you give me an example about sementik historis?

      Hapus
  15. Your blog is good but it's better to use examples of types of sematics to make it clearer and easier for readers to understand.

    BalasHapus
  16. I do not like your blog is not useful and makes me feel bored when reading it

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. It's useless because you didn't read it, right? If you read it and understand it, i think it'll be of use to you. And you say bored? I think you indeed a lazy human to reading.

      Hapus
    2. it's not that I'm lazy to read, but there is no blog for me, please be kind to me, thank you

      Hapus
    3. So what kind of blog do you want? I've been trying to wrote what i know. Tell me about my blog shortage so make you don't like it..

      Hapus
    4. I don't like material that is too long, all I want is simple material that is useful for many people

      Hapus
    5. I think my material is quite simple and short. Why do you say too long? Read it one more again.

      Hapus
  17. erni can you give example of semantic in your environment?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Okay. I will give example to you about semantics grammatical. "Sate" and "lontong" to be words sate lontong, creates the meaning of sate mixed lontong. That one simple semantics example in my environment and so are you.

      Hapus
    2. thank you for further explanation from the author

      Hapus
    3. Your welcome. Is there anything else you don't understand?

      Hapus
  18. The topic is interesting but unfortunately the way you explain is very boring the words are difficult to understand, have you never learned how to write good paragraphs, honestly the way you write cannot attract readers.

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. I'm sorry, what part the sentence is hard for you to understand? So that i can fix it.

      Hapus
    2. I think very paragraph, Crete more very well

      Hapus
    3. What do you say? How can it be all? It seems you hate me. Your reason is not obvious.

      Hapus
    4. I'm sorry for that, How relationship between semantic analysis and give me example ?

      Hapus
  19. the topic is interesting and the material is easy for me to understand, and the design of the blog is also simple that makes it easy for me to read it

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Thank youπŸ™ may my blog be of use to you.

      Hapus
    2. So what is the conclusion of this material?

      Hapus
  20. It's a good blog, Erni. If you add the example from your topic, it will be more better for the readers to understand it. Overall good :)

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Thank you for your advice. I'll try to fix it better. Never get bored to drop in my blog.

      Hapus
  21. Komentar ini telah dihapus oleh pengarang.

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Your blog is better now and you added the animation widget. Nice info Erni! love your theme choice. wish you can elaborate more about your topic. thanks. keep sharing!

      Hapus
  22. great topic. i like ur blog. Keep posting Erni!!

    BalasHapus
  23. I don't like the picture in your template. Why don't you rtying to change it. Lot of people using that.

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. If you don't like the pictures i use, you don't have look at that. Focus on the material about semantics, not the pictureπŸ‘ŒπŸ»

      Hapus
  24. Balasan
    1. Okay thank you for your advice. I'll try to make it betterπŸ‘ŒπŸ»

      Hapus
  25. Erni...your topic is verry good... It's make easy for person tu understanding...
    But, you should give some example erni...
    Only that...

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Thank you for your advice. I'll try to fix it better.

      Hapus
  26. Nice. But you should give example erni:)

    BalasHapus
  27. youre blog can make me bored and too bored for me.if you not to bullying, you must make the topic so easy yahhh

    BalasHapus
  28. From your blog you explained "Semantik behavioris adalah adalah kajian semantik yang mengkaji proses pemahaman makna melalui pengalaman dan datanya ada. Contoh: seorang ibu yang menyuapkan makanan pada si bayi." I wanna know what do you mean by data and which one is the data from your example?

    Thanks

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. The meaning of data in behavioris semantics is fact contained in a sentence. The data is "Menyuapkan makanan". Is it helpful enough?

      Hapus
    2. Komentar ini telah dihapus oleh pengarang.

      Hapus
    3. Oh I got it now. The meaning of data in behavioris semantics is fact contained in a sentence. is it related with human behavior? what kind of fact?

      Hapus
  29. Hi Erni. I will not comment about your topic (Semantics)since I guess so many of your friends have comment about it but the color of your blog need to be changed, not only white. More colors will make the readers interested in what do you do in your blog. This is only suggestion though.πŸ€—

    BalasHapus
  30. Hi erni😊. I like your blog and I like your theme too. I think your theme interesting for me. Keep writing erni and do the best yeahh!!! 🌼🌼🌼🌸🌸

    BalasHapus
  31. Hai erni ! This is my fist time visiting your blog. I hope you can change your template into another beautiful template 😊. Cause when you have a beautiful template, your reader will enjoy your blog and readers gonna love it so much . Keep posting yeahh 😘

    BalasHapus
  32. My dear, your blog is good . But , better for you to give an example on this blog . You aren't add an example right ? I hope on your next blog , you won't forget to give an example yeah l see you ❤

    BalasHapus
  33. Ahh wait erni ! Heii Why you explan the material on Bahasa ?? What are you doing at campus huh ??? Please move to another campus and choose PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INDONESIA .and you gonna learn about "BAHASA" deeply .huuu So weird huh !

    BalasHapus
  34. Erni , we are from English department . So , please use english when you explan something on your blog . Cause It will be better for you and your readers . Also, make you more confidence to speaking or using english . Don't worry and dont give up yeah ! 😘😘

    BalasHapus
  35. Hai reni juliana . Sometimes maybe you feel so tired and give up just because of our blog . But , don't worry and sad , cause you are not alone . Rest assured that we will always support you. Keep bloging yeah ! ❤

    BalasHapus
  36. Hi erni. Better to put some colors here, to make your blog looks more beautiful. Based on your perspective, Is it good or bad to learn about Semantics? Because not all the people like it, right? What do you think?

    BalasHapus
  37. Hii erniπŸ’have a nice day😊i think your blog so good and make we understand,cab you tell me,why you choice semantic for your materials?ok i wait your answer😊😊

    BalasHapus
  38. Hello, sweetie :) You choose a good topic. But beside that, what's the benefits of learn semantic for you and for us? I need your opinion, thank you πŸ€—

    BalasHapus
  39. hi Erni πŸ’– this is the first time I visited your blog πŸ‘Œ when I have seen your blog, there are irregularities that I see πŸ‘€ did you write an explanation of your material in Indonesian? Why? aren't you better off using English? the problem is you are from the English department? oh so bad because it only requires a copy and paste strategy on google translate πŸ™Š

    BalasHapus
  40. from our explanation that I read πŸ‘€ I did not find an example πŸ‘€ is not an example is something important in an explanation so that other people understand? but why don't you include an example on your blog? if so I want to ask, what is an example of semantic? so that I understand more about your explanation πŸ‘Œ thank you

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. yes erni should you put in lots of examples in your explanation which is very long so that your reader understands better with your material erni 😊 erni spirit

      Hapus
  41. I want to suggest to you that in the future if you make a blog again, you will create it in English because it will not make you lose instead of getting benefits, from there you can get many vocabularies that you did not know before πŸ‘Œ if even it's hard to translate many words that you can use Google tablets πŸ‘€ because only live in copy and paste. okay that's my advice hopefully useful huh πŸ‘ŒπŸ‘Œ

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. I totally agree with you, refi, it would be nice for him to write in English, because when he writes in English there are many benefits to him and his readers, I hope you will consider our advice 😊😊

      Hapus
  42. haiiiii erni sianturi, reading your blog is very boring because your blog is very flat, my suggestion is to put an attractive template so that people don't get bored while reading your blog 😊

    BalasHapus
  43. haiii erni sianturi πŸ™‹ I want to ask, what's the benefits of learning semantics for you and for us I hope you give me a very good answer and very fast I can't wait for your answer erni 😊😊

    BalasHapus
  44. Hello erni, from your explanation above you only give semantic understanding along with the parts of semantic. So I want to ask, can you give an example of semantics?
    Hopefully you want to give an example with an explanation because I'm very curious about it 😊

    BalasHapus
  45. Erni, in your explanation there is written about grammatical semantics right ?. So I want to ask again, do semantic and grammar have a relationship? Or in learning semantic we also have to learn grammar ?. I'm very curious about that, so please give an explanation to me πŸ™

    BalasHapus
  46. hi Erni, the semantic material that you have told me through this blog I have tried to practice in everyday conversation, thankfully I was able to use it even though sometimes it's still wrongπŸ˜‚πŸ˜‚

    BalasHapus
  47. from your explanation that I read πŸ‘€ I did not find an example πŸ‘€ is not an example is something important in an explanation so that other people understand? but why don't you include an example on your blog? if so I want to ask, what is an example of semantic? so that I understand more about your explanation πŸ‘Œ thank you

    BalasHapus
  48. Hello, Erni! I really like playing games like this, funny, we also get their knowledge. Your smile is also very captivating, if I were a man, would immediately fall in love to see your smile. it's just that when you shout, I feel annoyed. why should you scream, you just need to slow down the audio volume, then talk. Keep posting and cheer up!

    BalasHapus
  49. Hello, Erni! I have questions for you, in your blog you write that conseptual meaning is refers to dictionary meaning which is indicated the consepts, and i've read in the other source that lexical meaning is dictionary defenition, so what the difference between the both? Thankyou!

    BalasHapus
  50. Hello, Erni! I have questions again for you! In conotative semantics, When a word suggests a set of associations, or is an imaginative or emotional suggestion connected with the words, while readers can relate to such associations? Can't wait too se your answer. Have a good day!

    BalasHapus
  51. Hi Erni. I will not comment about your topic (Semantics)since I guess so many of your friends have comment about it but the color of your blog need to be changed, not only white. More colors will make the readers interested in what do you do in your blog. This is only suggestion though.πŸ€—

    BalasHapus
  52. I want to suggest to you that in the future if you make a blog again, you will create it in English because it will not make you lose instead of getting benefits, from there you can get many vocabularies that you did not know before πŸ‘Œ if even it's hard to translate many words that you can use Google tablets πŸ‘€ because only live in copy and paste. okay that's my advice hopefully useful huh πŸ‘ŒπŸ‘Œ

    BalasHapus
  53. From your blog you explained "Semantik behavioris adalah adalah kajian semantik yang mengkaji proses pemahaman makna melalui pengalaman dan datanya ada. Contoh: seorang ibu yang menyuapkan makanan pada si bayi." I wanna know what do you mean by data and which one is the data from your example?

    BalasHapus
  54. Hi Erni Sianturi πŸ‘‹πŸ‘‹πŸ‘‹ , i am so glad because i visit your blog . There is an interesting material about semantics. Your material makes me understand about definition of semantics but Erni can you give me some examples of semantics to make me more understand about it 😊😊 ?? Thank you!!!

    BalasHapus

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